- economía de género,
- desigualdad salarial de género,
- ciclo económico,
- empleo,
- manufacturas
- encuesta de los hogares ...Más
Derechos de autor 2021 Economía teoría y práctica
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Resumen
Se analiza la relación cíclica de los salarios y la brecha salarial por género con seis variables macroeconómicas del sector manufacturero de México durante 1993.1-2017.3. La teoría sugiere que la brecha salarial disminuye en las recesiones y se amplía durante la fase expansiva del ciclo (procíclica). Esta hipótesis se prueba usando el filtro H-P, para medir el ciclo, y la metodología Oaxaca-Blinder, para estimar la brecha salarial. Los datos provienen de la Encuesta Nacional de Empleo Urbano (ENEU, periodo 1993-2004) y la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo (ENOE, periodo 2005-2017). Los resultados indican que salarios y brecha salarial siguen una conducta procíclica con producción, inversión, exportaciones y costos unitarios, pero son más volátiles y con fluctuaciones de mayor duración. Además, resultan contracíclicos con productividad laboral e inflación. Se diseñan algunas implicaciones de política sobre desigualdad de género.
Citas
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